[11], After his release from prison in 1942, Giancana made a name for himself by convincing Accardo, then the Outfit's underboss, to stage a takeover of Chicago's African-American "policy" (lottery) payout system for the Outfit. According to the Giancanas, Joseph Kennedy, the father of John Kennedy, struck a deal with Sam Giancana before the 1960 election. He partied with major stars such as Frank Sinatra and Marilyn Monroe and did business with agents ranging from the CIA to the Vatican to the shah of Iran. I help get Jack elected and, in return, he calls off the heat, Sam Giancana is reputed to have said. But with Aiuppa, Accardo and everyone else who had a hand in the hit also dead, the likelihood of justice ever coming in the case of Sam Giancana seems slim. According to a federal government report, in 1960 the Outfit controlled the (Democratic Party) political machinery in five of the 50 Chicago wards: the 1st, 24th, 25th, 28th and 29th. There is nothing in the raw percentages that shows that anything happened in the Outfit-controlled political districts in 1960 beyond what was going on elsewhere around Chicago, given that these five wards voted heavily Democratic in every election (including 1956) for several decades. A greatly amplified version of the story appears in the book Double Cross by Sam and Chuck Giancana, the half-nephew and half-brother, respectively, of the Outfit boss, Sam Giancana. Do I believe everything in the book is 100% accurate? Although he quotes Mrs. Humphreys Teamsters-focused account, Russo asserts that non-Teamsters union members nationally were influenced to vote for Kennedy and places particular emphasis on four states: Illinois, Michigan, Missouri and Nevada. A greatly amplified version of the story appears in the book Double Cross by Sam and Chuck Giancana, the half-nephew and half-brother, respectively, of the Outfit boss, Sam Giancana. Giancana's crew is believed to have been responsible for convincing Eddie Jones to quit his racket and leave the country. For example, there is not one word in any of Chicagos four major daily newspapers about any violence directed at voters in November 1960, much less of a 1920s-style wave of terror around Chicagoland. [citation needed] In 1939 Giancana was convicted of bootlegging, and sentenced to four years in Leavenworth Prison and Terre Haute Federal Correctional Complex. [19] Richard Cain, a corrupt police officer, also made "frequent trips" to and from Mexico as Giancana's courier and financial adviser. The film is written by Nicholas Celozzi, whose great uncle was the notorious Chicago mobster, Sam Giancana. Like many conspiracy theories, these stories are tantalizing to many people because they suggest a world in which the rich and powerful are pulling strings behind the scenes to make things happen. Read instantly on your browser with Kindle for Web. On the other hand, Len OConnor, the dean of Chicagos political commentators, remarks in his book Clout: The power of the Daley Machine was evident throughout the city, only the two crime syndicate wards, the First and the Twenty-eighth, delivering a low count, fewer votes for Kennedy in 1960, in fact, than they had delivered for Daley in 1955. A season of memoir, looking to eccentrics of the last century and embracing the wide-awake of today and tomorrow. Author Sam Giancana is the nephew and godson of Sam "Momo" Giancana, an organized crime leader who died in 1975. Corbitt said that he became involved with the mob as a teenager and that mob boss Sam Giancana helped him get his job as a police officer in Willow Springs. I'm an avid readerof 20th century Mafia activity in the US, and was looking for the best account of Sam Giancana and how his Outfit fit into the big picture. Sam is a guest on a panel with. In reality, organized crime operates with a degree of secrecy identical to that used by major intelligence agencies such as the CIA or KGB. Undoubtedly, his story, written with suspense and truthful conviction, changed the course of American history. Giancana's was to appear before a Senate committee investigating CIA and mafia links to plots to kill Fidel Castro. The details of McDonnells story about the meeting between Joseph Kennedy and Sam Giancana are also not plausible. Giancana clawed his way to the top of the Mafia hierarchy by starting as a hit man for Al Capone. Geraldo Rivera interviews Sam Giancana, the nephew, godson and namesake of legendary Mob boss of Chicago, Sam "Momo" Giancana. Assassination of John F. Kennedy Encyclopedia These books, and associated television programs and media coverage, have received a great deal of attention. It simply was not interested in doing that for Kennedy. By May 1975, Sam Giancana and Johnny Roselli were still friends, linked by their criminal conspiracies, though no longer young and powerful. According to the Giancanas, Joseph Kennedy, the father of John Kennedy, struck a deal with Sam Giancana before the 1960 election. [2] Angeline died on April 23, 1954, leaving him to raise his daughters. The mistake I made was that I didn't pay very good attention to the writers of the book, which was told mostly from the perspective of his little brother. Various people knew which horse would win and they all bet accordingly. New stuff: "EO," "Empire of Light," "Retrograde" and "Pinocchio." Email blog@themobmuseum.org. To contact Binder, email him at jbinder@uic.edu. In a book by his nephew and godson, also named Sam Giancana, Mooney is quoted as claiming credit for the assassinations of John and Robert Kennedy (in part, Money said, because they weren't going a long with the deals made with the mob by their bootlegger father - deals that helped get John elected president), the murder of Marilyn Monroe at the The book arrived ahead of schedule and in excellent shape. McDonnell asserts the Outfit got out the vote at the ward level in Chicago for Kennedy. In statistical tests, I have examined voting by four groups of wards and suburbs where the Outfit would have been most able to deliver votes for Kennedy if it so desired: the five Outfit-controlled wards mentioned above, those five wards and the 45th ward (mentioned by OConnor), the five Outfit wards and the two premier Outfit-controlled suburbs, Chicago Heights and Cicero, and all six of these Chicago wards and the two suburbs. Were not trying to glorify or take away the obvious of what he [did], explains Celozzi. Something went wrong. Between takes, the sisters politely answer a few questions, but it feels almost meddlesome to probe them further. He was first arrested at 17 (1925) for car theft. Chuck Giancana, who passed away in 2001, was the brother of the late crime boss Sam "Momo" Giancana. [23], Documents released during 1997 revealed that some Mafiosi worked with CIA on assassination attempts against Castro. Supposedly the Outfit kept its end of the bargain, but it was double crossed by the Kennedys, who increased federal pressure on the Outfit locally and the Cosa Nostra generally. How much work was performed for the second attempt is unknown, as the entire program was canceled soon thereafter due to the Bay of Pigs invasion in April 1961. From the early 1940s through the 1950s, he controlled most of the illegal gambling, illegal liquor distribution, and numerous other political rackets in Louisiana through longtime friend H. A. PLUS: Newcity's "Film 50" and Sight & Sounds "Greatest" are both out. However, analysis of the 1960 presidential voting in isolation ignores important local political issues that may cause the preceding results, as weak as they are, to be biased in favor of assertions the Outfit worked for Kennedy. "[26], According to the declassified CIA "Family Jewels" documents, Giancana and Trafficante were contacted in September 1960 about the possibility of an assassination attempt by Maheu after Maheu had contacted Roselli, a Mafia member in Las Vegas and Giancana's number-two man. In fact, legendary crime reporter Ray Brennan, writing the day after the election, described it as sissified and bland in comparison to the violent primary election of April 6, 1928. It was how interesting the man was, how complex he was. Adds Logothetis, Without him, I think history would have gone a different way. It was assumed that Robert Kennedys action against the mob was the reason behind the Outfits involvement in the assassination. During this period, Giancana had a girlfriend named Judith Exner, who was also a mistress of J.F. Quite frankly, we preferred our private lives., It took us a long time to come out of the closet, as you may say, thirty-five years, Francine says, acknowledging Celozzis family tie as the impetus for their involvement with the film. After viewing product detail pages, look here to find an easy way to navigate back to pages you are interested in. As the most notorious boss of the Chicago Mafia since Al Capone, Sam Giancana controlled a criminal empire stretching across America. In several versions of the story, the Outfit retaliated by assassinating John and Robert Kennedy. MOMO: THE SAM GIANCANA STORY | The True Story of The American Mobster Documentary 370,362 views Aug 29, 2020 2.6K283SHARESAVE FilmIsNow Movie Trailers 1.11M subscribers SUBSCRIBE Watch Momo: The Sam Giancana Story, a full documentary that shows the Sam Giancana's true story and the truth behind . His wife died in 1954, after which he reportedly had several affairs. On this point, note that when Al Capones goons helped elect the Republican slate of candidates in Cicero in 1924, he needed to bring in additional men from Dean OBanions North Side Gang and others. Allegations that the Outfit manipulated the Teamsters or other unions nationally are equally implausible. When he was unable to pay his debts, DeStefano put McDonnell to work for him, including allegedly (see the account in Captive City by Ovid Demaris) having him carry two dead bodies from his basement. In fact, if Humphreys had even suggested to his superiors that his wife attend such meetings much less that she work with him they would have concluded he was insane and almost certainly killed him and her as well. In 1965, Giancana was convicted of contempt of court, serving one year in prison. According to Brashler, an order from the mob to work for Kennedy only insured a total Chicago effort of the kind that historically had been known to work miracles in the early-morning hours of vote counting. In other words, the Chicago Democratic Machine delivered on Election Day for John Kennedy, essentially as it always did for its candidates, with the Outfit-controlled wards doing little (if anything) extra. [10] A matinee performance features some of the studios students in one room, and two filmmakers, two sisters, two kids, a publicist, a photographer and a journalist are decamped in another. Moreover, the Giancanas book is not taken seriously by well-informed students of the Chicago Outfit. [39] Giancana was interred next to his wife, Angeline, in a family mausoleum at Mount Carmel Cemetery, in Hillside, Illinois. Reviewed in the United Kingdom on June 2, 2019. Nothing sells books faster in recent years than juicy allegations, whether they are supported by convincing evidence or not, concerning members of the Kennedy clan, the Mob, the Rat Pack, and Marilyn Monroe. [32] Meanwhile, Giancana was deposed as operational boss by Ricca and Accardo, and replaced by Joseph "Joey Doves" Aiuppa. No fabricated scenarios, rather a few strobes to balance the circumstantial light. [2] Antonia died in 1910 and his father married Mary Leonardi. First and foremost, if you're looking for a well-researched biography on Sam Giancana, this isn't it. While these figures (covering 863 paper ballot precincts), along with the claims about voting machine irregularities, support the contention the Outfit focus on defeating Adamowski resulted in some votes for Kennedy, more direct evidence can be obtained by further examination of the election results. There were 279 precincts/polling places in those wards. Sounds like 9 11 ? Previous page of related Sponsored Products, "One of the most enjoyable WWII books to date." And Bobby Kennedy had already labeled organized crime as the greatest danger facing the country in his book The Enemy Within. He was, therefore, uniquely informed about what happened in that world. Various individuals, especially Art Bilek, Bill Brashler, Mars Eghigian, Mickey Lombardo, Matt and Christine Luzi, Tim Perri, Vince Sacco, and Jeff Thurston, provided comments and suggestions that improved this article. On the other side of the ledger, OConnor argues that unions tied to the Outfit were very displeased with Robert Kennedy and the McClellan Committee hearings and therefore John Kennedy. The 42s were involved in robbing wealthy people, stealing car parts, and bootlegging. This caused immense displeasure in the Outfit.. : In his autobiography Man Against the Mob, former FBI agent William Roemer provides a similar account of the events surrounding the 1960 election. Percentage of votes cast for the Democratic presidential candidate: Certainly, the five Outfit wards and these two suburbs voted more heavily Democratic in 1960 than in 1956. But did this really happen? Four of these wards were Outfit controlled. Publisher The earliest statement, by William Brashler in The Don, is quite mild. Similarly, he did not share the profits he earned from his casinos in Iran and Central America. The first debate between Kennedy and Republican Party nominee Richard Nixon debated occurred on September 26, 1960, in Chicago. Antonino Giangana and Antonia DiSimonna are the names according to the Chicago Bureau of Vital Statistics, Birth Certificate Number 5915, harvnb error: no target: CITEREFGiancana2004 (, Double Cross: The Explosive, Inside Story of the Mobster Who Controlled America, Mafia Princess: Growing Up in Sam Giancana's Family, "Sinatra was 'go-between for Mafia and JFK', "The Exner File. Thus they soon became part of the Chicago Outfit.. This also does not mean that Joseph Kennedy, the father of John Kennedy, did not spend lavishly to get out the vote for his son in various parts of the country that is what backers of political candidates do. The Giancanas claim the Outfit did everything possible for Kennedy in the wards they controlled. Giancana went to Reese Elementary School but was expelled at 10. Definitely not for the sensitive people, but I do recommend strongly if this is your genre of choice. [34][35] He arrived back in Chicago on July 21, 1974.[36]. Bring your club to Amazon Book Clubs, start a new book club and invite your friends to join, or find a club thats right for you for free. Both my husband and I read this book and found it fascinating. It's clear Chuck Giancana had a deep admiration for his big brother throughout his life, so bear in mind that the story is told from the lens of a man who gives nothing but the greatest adulation to his brother and his "accomplishments". He also had half-siblings, from his fathers other marriage. Angelinas parents were Italian immigrants. Such is the world we live in in which readers need to examine the latest (or the most frequently repeated) sensational claims before giving them any credibility. During World War II, he was declared unfit for military service, as the Selective Service psychologist reported him as a constitutional psychopath. Giancana took advantage of the war situation by manufacturing fake ration stamps and selling them at a high price. Later, President Kennedy appointed his brother, Robert Kennedy, as an attorney general, who began taking action against the mobsters, especially the Outfit. Around this time, the CIA reportedly contacted Giancana and some other mobsters in connection with a plan to assassinate the Cuban prime minister, Fidel Castro. He was also in touch with several politicians. In 1965, Giancana was convicted of contempt of court, serving one year in prison. In 1965, Giancana was called to testify (about organized crime) before the grand jury. [14] Later, Buffalo crime boss Stefano Magaddino and Giancana were overheard on a wiretap saying the meeting should have occurred in the Chicago area. For the casual reader there are meticulous details of interest. Not finished reading it yet, about half way through at the moment, if the second parts as good as the first, then I would be happy, great eye opener about the mafia, the power they had over everything, and I mean everything. It certainly is not consistent with an all-out effort by the Outfit to elect Kennedy, because in that case increased Democratic voting should be evident in more than just 12.5 percent (one of eight) of the tests. This weak result may be due to chance that is, it is caused by other random factors that affected voting from one election to the next. "He knew how to get into Sam's house without people seeing him, only a few people knew how to do that and he was one of them. A smaller number would have allowed irate voters to pummel the intimidators. With about 300 full members in 1960, and many of these of advanced age, the Outfit would have been able (if the police did not intervene) to coerce voters in essentially only one of these five wards because each ward had between 46 and 63 precincts. If McDonnells presence was not required at the meeting itself, why was it necessary that he be there at all? Giancana was required to consult Accardo and Ricca on all important Outfit affairs. Gus Russo, in The Outfit, repeats the stories told by the Giancanas and Hersh, claiming that scores of Giancanas vote sluggers or vote floaters hit the streets to coerce the voters. Russo, summarizing the election events overall, states quite strongly that Outfit chieftain Tony Accardo, the Mobs political point man Murray Humphreys, and other top Chicago hoodlums met in June 1960 to decide who would become the next president of the United States. A recent book by Antoinette Giancana, John Hughes and Thomas Jobe repeats the extreme claims that the Outfit elected Kennedy in 1960. Reportedly, the Mexican government deported him back to the U.S., and he returned in July 1974. Francine, the youngest, and Bonnie, the middle, of Giancanas three daughters, are stepping into the limelight for the first time in their long lives. ! "[41], Although longtime associate Dominic "Butch" Blasi was with Giancana the night he was murdered and questioned by police as a suspect, neither the FBI nor Antoinette Giancana considers him Giancana's killer. Furthermore, it is difficult to find informed, unbiased individuals who place any faith in statements by Robert McDonnell. From the 1940s through the 1950s, he controlled the illegal gambling, illegal liquor distribution, and political rackets in Louisiana. Carl's son and Nick's nephew, was put in . Some of the biggest names in. Roe had refused to surrender control of his operation as the Outfit had demanded, and on June 19, 1951, Roe fatally shot Leonard "Fat Lennie" Caifano, a made man of Giancana's crew.[12]. As he was told not to speak, he maintained the silence characteristic of the mafia and refused to testify. Before closing this article, one important distinction must be made because there is often confusion on this point. At around 11 p.m., Joseph DiPersio, Giancana's caretaker, found his body on the floor of the basement kitchen where he was said to be frying sausage and peppers. For example, in Hershs book Robert McDonnell alleges the Outfit pressured various unions (although it is unclear whether he means locally or nationally) to support Kennedy. When filmmaker Nick Celozzi joined director Dimitri Logothetis about eight years ago to produce a television biopic on Sam Giancana, the pair became enraptured by his larger-than-life character. It has become conventional wisdom that Chicago Outfit boss Sam Giancana put his criminal resources to work to get John Kennedy elected president in 1960, but a close examination of the election results does not support the claim. Statistical analysis of voting by the Outfit-influenced wards/suburbs in the States Attorney election versus the presidential election finds evidence in all four tests that these political districts voted much more strongly for Dan Ward than they did for John Kennedy when general voting patterns are controlled for. Unable to add item to List. Or at most it indicates that the Outfit had a negligible effect on voting in these districts, as Brashler and Roemer argue. "By himself in the house, boom-boom-boom, see you," Corbett said. This shocking, inside-the-syndicate tell-all reveals Giancana's first-person testimony regarding his involvement in the deaths of Monroe and others, among other shocking secrets. If John Kennedy had been linked publicly to Giancana, the damage to his campaign would have been immeasurable. Brief content visible, double tap to read full content. Or, if there was such an agreement, the Outfit double crossed the Kennedys by not delivering the votes on Election Day. After six attempts to introduce the poison into Castro's food, Orta abruptly demanded to be relieved of his role in the mission, giving the job to another, unnamed participant. [24] CIA documents released during 2007 confirmed that during September 1960, CIA recruited ex-FBI agent Robert Maheu to meet with the West Coast representative of the Chicago mob, Johnny Roselli. Very well written and interesting to read. Maheu had presented himself as a representative of numerous international businesses in Cuba that Castro was expropriating. While the statistical tests are by their very nature complicated, the flavor of the results can be obtained by looking at changes in the percentage of the vote cast for the Democratic candidate across presidential elections. He partied with major stars such as Frank Sinatra and Marilyn Monroe and did business with agents ranging from the CIA to the Vatican to the shah of Iran. In 1957, Giancana attended the national summit of organized crime groups in Apalachin, New York, on behalf of the Outfit. Joseph Kennedy (father of John F. Kennedy) was known to Giancana, as he was also believed to be involved in bootlegging. OConnor discusses how Charlie Weber, the Democratic alderman of the 45th ward, openly opposed the Kennedys, having been influenced by his friend Murray Humphreys to take a dim view of Kennedys candidacy. This book explains it all. Most probably recognize the name as mid-century Chicago mob boss extraordinaire, but outside his public persona, he was a devoted husband, a caring father and a generous friend, they say. When the lottery money started rolling in for the Outfit after this gambling war, the amount this game produced for the Outfit was in the millions of dollars a year and brought Giancana further notice. Even a hint of this, leaked to the press by someone involved, would have been damaging. There the gangster - with whom she was. Following this, he eliminated Teddy Roe, another big boss of the Policy racket. Try again. The Giancana family unites to make "Momo: The Sam Giancana Story." His daughters speak publicly for the first time on Momo's involvement with the assassinations of Marilyn Monroe and JFK. NY woman driven to wrong address fatally shot by homeowner, Boy dies from injuries following fight at trampoline park, Witness recalls moments of E-40's ejection from Kings-Warriors game. Outfit investigators suspect the order to kill Sam Giancana 40 years ago would have come from the bosses at the time, Joey "Doves" Aiuppa or Anthony "Joe Batters" Accardo, and probably both of them. He lived right by there. She claims the Outfit delivered Teamsters Union votes at the national level. The table that follows reports the Democratic percentages in the 1956 and 1960 presidential elections for three groups of political districts: the five Outfit-controlled wards in Chicago, the other 45 wards in the city, and the two premier Outfit-controlled suburbs. At the time the Outfit controlled the Democratic Party apparatus in only five of Chicagos 50 wards and in a few, if any, of the suburbs. . Decades after his death, the sisters have vowed to convey the truth about their notorious father, Sam Giancana. Mafia boss Sam Giancana aided a CIA plot to kill Fidel Castro, allegedly helped assassinate JFK, and may have been with Marilyn Monroe on her last night alive. 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